Factor affecting pulse rate Essay

Our touchwood is a muscle. Its located a little to the left of the middle of our chest, and its about the size of our fist. in that location are lots of muscles all over our automobile trunk in our arms, in our legs, in our back etc. But the heart muscle is special because of what it does. The heart sends business line around our body. The blood provides our body with the oxygen and nutrients it needs. It also carries away waste. Our heart is sort of like a pump or two pumps in one.The right side of our heart receives blood from the body and pumps it to the lungs. The left side of the heart does the exact opposite It receives blood from the lungs and pumps it out to the body. Every time when blood travels through heart it produces a sound called lub-dub. Lub happens when the upper domiciliate of the heart contract to squeeze the blood downward into the ventricles.A dub happens when the lower chambers contract. Every time the lower chambers of the heart contract, the blood in th e left ventricle rushes upward into the aorta. It quickly speeds away from the heart causing the aorta to boom out as it passes. As the blood races along, some of it pushes into the first artery that branches off from the aorta. Some of the blood enters the next artery. The blood from sepa postly contraction of the heart produces a bulge in the artery.This bulge of the arteries is called a pulse. One pulse is equal to one Heartbeat. The say at which heart beat is called pulse array. It can be varied by various factors such as- Body Build and Size. A short, fat person may have a higher position than a tall, slender person. The larger the size, the slower the rate. For example, a grizzly bear has a heart rate of about 30 beats a turn while a hummingbirds is about 200 beats per minute.Gender a womans heart rate is generally faster than a mans. Age generally the younger a person is, the faster the heart rate. An infants heart rate is about 120 beats per minute a childs is around 100 an adults is between 70 and 80 an elderly person generally hovers in the 60s. Exercise and Muscular Activity. An amplification in pulse rate give occur with increased activity to meet increased oxygen and nutrient demands. A regular aerobic exercise program can lower the resting pulse. A person, who exercises a great deal, such as an athlete, will develop bradycardia that is a normal, wellness condition.The body slows the heartbeat to compensate for the greater volume of blood pumped with each beat. Emotional Status. Fear, anger, and anxiety will all increase the pulse rate. Hormones ascertain heart rate, especially epinephrine, norepinephrine, and thyroid hormones, all of which can increase the rate. Pathology certain diseases affect heart rate, causing it either to slow or to race. Medications and drugs Stimulants will increase the pulse rate depressants will decrease the pulse rate.For example, Digitalis slows the rate, while epinephrine (Adrenalin) increases it. Caffeine c an also cause palpitations or extra beats. family Pressure. As the blood pressure decreases, the pulse will frequently increase. Elevated Body Temperature. The pulse increases approximately 10 beats per minute for every 1 F (0.56 C) increase in body temperature. These conditions cause a temporary increase in the heartbeat and pulse. Pain. When the patient is in pain, the pulse rate will increase. HypothesisI phone that exercise will vary the pulse rate because when we are working out or exercising, oxygen is released from our body to a greater extent rapidly as the cells metabolize and use up the oxygen quicker, and so our body requires a greater amount of oxygen. Due to which our heart rate increases to pack oxygenated blood to our muscles and organs. Hence, increasing our pulse rate. variable starsIndependent Variable In this the independent variable is exercise because the pulse rate is varied by the exercise we do. certified Variable In this the dependant variable is the pul se rate because it is dependent on exercise and many other factors that are kept constant. Constant Variable In this all other factors excluding exercise are kept constant. This allows us to measure the effect of exercise on pulse rate and minimize throw effects due to any other factors that may influence heart rate. Apparatus and ProcedureStop watch1. Sit down comfortably on a chair, locate the pulse and calculate the number of pulse per minute. 2. Walk gently measuring different feet and calculate the pulse rate afterward each distance. 3. Repeat these steps twice and calculate the average number of pulses per minute and record.Observation table1. Person-1Pulse rate after walking123Average pulse rateAt rest74727774100 feet74777876200 feet77797677300 feet81858282400 feet87848986500 feet939196932. Person-2Pulse rate after walking123Average pulse ratePulse rate at rest70757372100 feet73727774200 feet78748077300 feet79818381400 feet85828885500 feet919498943. Person-3Pulse rate at re st123Average pulse ratePulse rate at rest73727573100 feet77848782200 feet94969394300 feet104106107105400 feet104110108107500 feet106109104106ConclusionBY observing my graphs I came to the conclusion that exercise raises the pulse rate because When the body is exercising the muscles respire to produce energy, so the muscles can contract. Oxygen is needed, the oxygen is carried in the haemoglobin of the red blood cell. The heart and lungs need to work harder in order to get a greater amount of oxygen to the muscles for airing. In muscle cells digested food substances are oxidised to release energy. The heart rate rises because during exercise, respiration in the muscles increases, so the level of carbon dioxide in the blood rises.Carbon dioxide is slightly acid the brain detects the rising acidity in the blood, the brain then sends a signal through the nervous system to the lungs to breathe faster and deeper. Gaseous exchange in the lungs increases allowing to a greater extent oxyge n into the circulatory system and removing much carbon dioxide. The brain then sends a signal to make the heart beat faster.As a result this, heart rate would rise. My graph confirms my shot in that as the length of exercise is increased, the number of beats per minute rises. Hence the result shown by our experiment seems to be correct. Therefore I think that the procedure we used was reliable. Although there are some sources of error but these do not makes much difference and can be ignored. Sources of errorAs experiment is fully performed by humans so there are some human errors involved in the experiment. Firstly, we didnt use pulse rate meter so there may be some errors in counting the pulse rate making some changes to ourresult. Secondly, the person might not have properly relaxed so factors like stress, excitement can affect the pulse rate making changes to our result. Thirdly, it took time to count the pulse rate after exercise, because of which the increased pulse rate mig ht have come to normal in this meantime. ImprovementsBy making some improvements in our experiment we could get more better and exact result. For example Instead of counting the pulse we could have used pulse rate meter to calculate pulse rate. Secondly, we could have taken pulse rate of more persons for better and accurate result.